KS+Chapter+2+Notes

Chapter 2 · North America in 1600 remained highly unexplored. · Francis Drake went around the world in search of treasure and returned with a lot of Spanish treasure. · England and Spain fought over seas in the North Atlantic, and when England was victorious over the Spanish Armada, it helped ensure England’s naval dominance in the North Atlantic. · England now shares the characteristics that Spain displayed on the eve of its colonizing adventure. They were a strong, unified national state under a popular monarch. · England’s first settlement in the Americas was Jamestown located in Virginia. · Once they were ashore, they all started to die from disease, malnutrition, and starvation. Captain John Smith saved the collapse, and through Pocahontas they became peaceful with the Powhatans. · Four hundred settlers came over to the Americas, and only sixty survived the winter of 1609 – 1610. · The relationship between the English, and Powhatans was very tense, because the colonists would raid Indian food supplies. · Lord De La Warr arrived and started a war against the Powhatans by lighting cornfields on fire, but the war ended with the marriage of John Rolfe and Pocahontas. · A series of Indian attacks left 347 settlers dead including John Rolfe. · The second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1644 made a last effort to dislodge the Virginians, but they were defeated. · Indians would fight for each other to have the best hunting ground for pelts, in order to trade with the Europeans and get guns. · John Rolfe became the father of tobacco because he perfected the methods of raising and curing the weed. Soon the European demand for tobacco was insatiable. · A year before Plymouth Pilgrims came over; slaves were bought to work on the tobacco fields. · During the Anglo-Spanish Wars the Spanish unsheathed their swords, but by 1700 Carolina was too strong to be wiped out. · In 1712 the Carolinas were split into North and South Carolina, and they both became royal colonies. · Savannah was a melting-pot community with German Lutherans, Scots, Highlanders, and among others. · All of England’s colonies were devoted to exporting commercial agricultural products. · Slavery was found in all the plantation colonies.