-SH+APPARTS+Method+Primary+Source+Responses

8/25 Hernan Cortes Conquers Mexico (1519-1526) A- Hernán Cortés P- October 30, 1520. Segura de la Frontera P- >Columbus landed in the Americas 28 years before the writing of this letter. >Cortes landed in Mexico in 1519. > The Aztecs were a powerfull civilization dominating the central Mexican highlands. > The letter describes the first encounter with the Aztec ruler Moctezuma. > Within the letter, Cortes talks about his efforts to abolish the religious practices of the Aztecs. > The Aztecs saw Cortes as a god because they had a legend that said a god will arrive that weilded fire (a gun), whose body will glow ( armour), and would arrive with giant wild dogs (horses). > Aztecs found Cortes was not a god because they saw him bleed from a shaving accident. > Cortes fled and returned with more troops only to find that half of the Aztec population had died from disease. A- King of Spain R- This source was produced at this time because Cortes was a conquistador, whose job was to explore the new lands of America while being funded by the King of Spain. This letter was sent at the time of Cortes's first encounter with Moctezume, a very important event for Cortes and for Spain. T- This letter is trying to convey the relationship Cortes and his men had with the Aztecs and Moctezuma. The relationship being demostrated by Moctezuma reveals his thoughts of Cortes being a god. S- This letter is important because it shows the early events leading up to the conquest of the Aztecs. An example of this is the removal of the Aztec idols by the conquistadors, beginning the suppress of the Aztec religious practices.

Aztec Chroniclers Describe the Spanish Conquest of Mexico (1519) A- Witness of the meeting between Cortes and Moctezuma. P- 1519, Aztec village Huitzillian and the Royal House. P- > All previous knowledge found in "Hernan Cortes Conquers Mexico". > Cortes's account said the Aztec's welcomed the Spaniards and were accepting of Cortes's commands. A- Spanish Franciscan friar Bernardino de Sahagun. R- This source was written a decade after the actual meeting between Cortes and Moctezuma. It was written at this time because translations between the native Aztec language and Spanish was difficult. Bernardino de Sahagun had to master the language first and was one out of many Spaniards who wanted to learn about the Aztec culture. T- This source is conveying the meeting between Cortes and Moctezuma in the eyes of an Aztec. S- This source is important because it shows a different side to a historical event. Looking at Cortes's account of his meeting with the Aztecs is important, but what is more important is finding the other side, such as this source, and comparing and contrasting the two sides.

Comparing and Contrasting After reading both accounts, I can see which source is more reliable. Cortes's account is seen through his eyes and all of his experiences are written down by his opinion. An example of this is when he says, "... many of the chief men of the city went with me to remove the idols, cleanse the chapels, and place images of the saints therein, and all with cheerful faces." The Aztec's account on the other hand didn't have any opinions. The native was a bistander in the meeting between Cortes and Moctezuma and his opinion didn't matter and was not said. The differences I found between the two sources included: the spelling of "Moctezuma", which was spelled "Muteczuma" in Cortes's account and "Moctezuma" in the native's account. In Cortes's version, he gave Moctezuma a necklace and said the Aztecs gave them necklaces in return. In the native's account, the Aztecs gave all of their jewelry to the Spanish and recieved nothing in return. In Cortes's account, the Aztecs seemed happy and welcoming of the Spanish while in the native's account, the Aztecs became fearfull because of the sounds of the cannons. Also in the native's version, he mentions Moctezuma being a "prisoner" while Cortes's letter portrays Moctezuma as a ally and friend to them. The only similarities I found between the two passages was the story told by Moctezuma and the account of Cortes in the Royal House. Both sources had Moctezuma tell the story of a god arriving at their shores and reclaiming his throne. The other similarity was how Cortes was welcomed to stay at the Royal House.

8-30 The American Spirit: Volume I “A Young African Boy is Taken into Slavery” (c. 1735) 1. The most disconcerting feature of Smith’s forced removal from Africa was the witnessing of his father being tortured to death for his money. 2. The factors that helped Smith adjust to life in the new world were his working within the house and his submissive and obedient behavior.

“The Intolerant Act of Toleration” (1649) 1. Protection for the Catholics included, “…that no person or persons whatsoever within this Providence… professing to believe in Jesus Christ, shall from henceforth be in any ways troubled, molested or discountenanced for… his or her religion nor in the free exercise thereof…”. 2. If the law was strictly enforced, all Jews and atheists would have been killed.

“Framing the Mayflower Compact” (1620) 1. The Compact was the first American constitution because it was created to add rules and regulations to the new colony. 2. The Mayflower Compact foreshadowed democratic institutions because it was based on the majority of the people.

“Anne Hutchinson is Banished” (1637) 1. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">This record of the court reveals that the Puritans had strict rules about religious practices. Also, the trial was unjust because she was a woman and the punishment of being banished from the colony might have been different if a man was on trial.

“The Blue Laws of Connecticut” (1672) <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">1. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">All of the crimes had the punishment of death. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msolist: Ignore;">2. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Committing a willful murder or slaying another through guile could be regarded as criminal today.