AS+Chapter+2+Notes

Chapter 2
 * 100 years after Columbus landed, the New World was drastically altered.
 * North America was largely unexplored in 1600, none of it was claimed.
 * Three outposts: Spanish- Sante Fe, 1610, English – Jamestown, 1607, French- Quebec, 1608
 * First English attempt at colonization was in New Foundland, 1583. Then in 1585 Sir Walter Raleigh founded Roanoke, then Disappeared.
 * Tensions with Spain and England snapped and battle arose, with England victorious. Spain’s empire was declining.
 * Economic depression in the 1500’s provided many unemployed people to feed colonization in the new world in North America.
 * On May 24th, 1607, Jamestown was founded.
 * Captain Jon smith saved Jamestown from starvation, taking over in 1608.
 * Smith was captured by Powhatan, but saved by Pocahontas, which ended up starting peaceful relations with Indians.
 * By 1625, of 8,000 people who attempted to survive in America only 1,200 survived.
 * Chief Powhatan dominated Native tribes in James River Area.
 * Lord De La Warr, the new leader of Jamestown, was aggressive toward Powhatan. May wars and peace treaties happened.
 * By 1669, 10% of original Indians lived in Virginia from 1607. By 1685, English people considered the Powhaten people Extinct.
 * Indians fell because disease, disorganization, disposability.
 * John Rolfe, husband of Pocahontas, perfected tobacco growing by 1612 in Virginia.
 * 1619, first slaves appeared in Jamestown. By 1700, 14% of population was black.
 * Representative self government as born in 1619, Jamestown.
 * In 1624, James I, of whom Jamestown is named after, declared Virginia a royal colony to England, under his control.
 * Lord Baltimore founded Maryland at St. Mary’s in 1634.
 * Maryland flourished with tobacco like Virginia.
 * England claimed Jamaica in 1655, Spain lost its hold in the West Indies because army overextension, rebellions, etc.
 * Sugarcane thrived East Indies like Tobacco in Chesapeake.
 * Only wealthy people could invest and succeed in sugar.
 * By 1700’s, Black Slaves outnumbered white settlers in West Indies settlements by four to one.
 * In 1670, the Barbados Slave Code was brought to the mainland.
 * In 1730 raids annihilated coastal Indian tribes.
 * Rice emerged as a key crop in Carolina.
 * North Carolina was separated from South Carolina in 1712.
 * By 1720, virtually every coastal tribe in the southern colonies were destroyed.
 * Savannah, Georgia founded in 1733.
 * Georgia was meant as a buffer between Spanish Florida and French Louisiana.
 * Slavery was at first intended to be kept out of Georgia.
 * Georgia grew slower than the other colonies.
 * By 1750, slaver was in all southern colonies.