JQ+Chapter+Notes+1-6

Chapter 1-6 Notes  a.  The Shaping of North America  i.  The major mountain ranges in America were created about 25-350 million years ago  b.  People the Americas  i.  About 54 million people already inhabited the Americas by the time Europeans arrives in 1492  c.  The Earliest Americans  i.  Corn planting started in the Southwest in about 1200 B.C.  ii. Lived in small, scattered, and impermanent settlements  d.  Indirect Discoverers of the New World  i.  Luxuries in Asia were extremely expensive in Europe  e.  Europeans Enter Africa  i.  Marco Polo was an indirect discoverer of the New World because he stimulated a cheaper route for treasures  ii. Trading posts were set up along African short for the purchase of gold and slaves  iii. Bartholomeu Dias reached the southern tip of Africa  iv. Vasco da Gama reached India  f.  Columbus Comes Upon a New World  i.  Spain = unity, wealth, and power were taking shape <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Renaissance brought new optimism and adventure <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Printing press developed in 1450 <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iv. 1492 – Columbus discovered an island in the Bahamas <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> v.  Europe provided markets, capital, and technology <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> vi. Africa provide labor <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> vii. New World provided raw materials <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> g.  When Worlds Collide <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Foodstuffs from New World = most important Indian gifts <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. The horse was a common, new way of transportation <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Many diseases quickly spread from Old World to New World <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iv. The Columbian Exchange was an effective way to get things from the New World to the Old World <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> h.  The Spanish Conquistadores <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Conquistadores (conquerors) fanned out across the Caribbean and the American continents <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the world <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Ponce de Leon, Coronado, and de Soto all explored American <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iv. “Encomienda” gave Indians to certain colonists in return for the promise to try to Christianize them <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  The Conquest of Mexico <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Cortes explored the Aztec empire of Mexico <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. June 30, 1520 – Aztecs attacked and drove out Spaniards <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. “Mestizos” culture created = mix of Indian and European heritage <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. “Dia de la Raza” = Columbus Day is celebrated for the birthday of a new race of people <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> j.  The Spread of Spanish America <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Spanish culture spread rapidly through Central and South America <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Missionary retreats became a new idea in Western America to help spread Christianity and Catholicism <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> a.  England’s Imperial Stirrings <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Catholic vs. Protestant made an impact in New World because of the efforts to spread Christianity <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> b.  Elizabeth Energizes England <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Queen Elizabeth encouraged “sea dogs” and buccaneers <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Spanish empire was more successful than English <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Spanish Armada was the end of Spanish dreams and the empire in the New World collapsed <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iv. England’s victory over the armada helped England to take control <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> c.  England on the Eve of Empire <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Population was increasing fast in England <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> d.  England Plants the Jamestown seedling <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Virginia Company: guaranteed overseas settlers the same rights of Englishmen that they would enjoy at home <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Jamestown: created May 24, 1607 = all English men (100) <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. John Smith = a powerful leader with gold-hungry colonists <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 2. 400 settlers <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msochartype: symbol; msosymbolfontfamily: Wingdings;">à 60 settlers by winter <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> e.  Cultural Clash in the Chesapeake <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Powhatan created Powhatan’s Confederacy to fight back against the British <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. Extremely tense between Indians and English <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Lord De La Warr: arrived in Jamestown 1610 <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. Carried orders from Virginia Company that broke out into war against Indians <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 2. Two Anglo-Powhatan wars broke out <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> f.  The Indians’ New World <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  disease wiped out tribe after tribe <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. trading and bartering was a new way of life <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. when Englishmen would come into shore, Indians would be forced to move west <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> g.  Virginia: Child of Tobacco <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  John Rolfe (husband to Pocahontas) = father of the tobacco industry <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. self-government and slavery were established in Virginia in 1619 <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. created House of Burgesses <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> h.  Maryland: Catholic Haven <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  founded in 1634 by Lord Baltimore <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. wanted to create a refuge for Catholics <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. similar agriculture and lifestyle as Virginia <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. sheltered more Roman Catholics than any other colony <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  The West Indies: Way Station to Mainland America <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  England claimed many islands in West Indies <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. Jamaica was a large prize (1655) <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Sugar was the most popular/value crop there <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Tobacco: poor man’s crop :: sugar cane: rich man’s crop <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iv. Slaves did all of the plantation work <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> j.  Colonizing the Carolinas <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  rice = the most important crop <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> k.  Late-Coming Georgia: The Buffer Colony <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  was to be used to protect the Carolinas from the Spaniards in Florida and French in Louisiana Territory <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> a.  The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Martin Luther nailed his “95 Theses” on Wittenberg’s Cathedral (1517) <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Calvinism became a popular religion in England <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Puritans mostly settled in New England <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> b.  The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Mayflower sailed in 1620 with 102 people <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Mayflower Compact: an agreement to form a government <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. 1621- celebrated the 1st Thanksgiving Day in New England <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> c.  The Bay Colony Bible Commonwealth <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  1629 – group of non-Separatist Puritans created a charter to form the Massachusetts Bay Company <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. John Winthrop – governor of MBC: believes he was part of a new religious experiment <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> d.  Building the Bay Colony <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  John Cotton: devoted his learning to defend the government duty to enforce religious rules <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> e.  Trouble in the Bible Commonwealth <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Anne Hutchinson – strongly believed in Puritan doctrine – predestination <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> f.  The Rhode Island “Sewer” <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Smaller settlements were scattered around Rhode Island <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> g.  New England Spreads Out <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Settlements started to spread into Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Haven <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> h.  Puritans versus Indians <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Indians were getting angry with English settlers taking over land and spreading Christianity <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Seeds of Colonial Unity and Independence <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  A confederation was created for a defense against foes <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. exclusive Puritan club that consisted of the Bay Colony, Plymouth, New Haven, and a few other small, scattered settlements <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> j.  Andros Promotes the 1st American Revolution <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Sir Edmond Andros (English military man) established headquarters in Puritanical Boston; made harsh laws/restrictions <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. 1688-89: Glorious Revolution in England; collapse in New England <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> k.  Old Netherlanders at New Netherland <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Won independence from Catholic Spain with help of Protestant England <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> l.  Friction with English and Swedish Neighbors <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  New England = furious with Dutch and Hollanders <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> m.  Dutch Residues in New York <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Renamed for the Duke of York; mainly Dutch populated <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> n.  Penn’s Holy Experiment in Pennsylvania <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Quakers became popular and took offense to civil and religious authorities <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. William Penn was fascinated by Quakers at age 16 and help spread it <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> o.  Quaker Pennsylvania and Its Neighbors <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Penn bought land from Chief Tammany to formally create his colony in 1681 <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. Penn was not well-liked and spent only 4 years there <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Other settlements began in New Jersey and Delaware <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> p.  The Middle Way in the Middle Colonies <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Fertile soil, rivers, good industry (lumber/shipbuilding) <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Most ethnically mixed than rest of the colonies <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> a.  The Unhealthy Chesapeake <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  A variety of different diseases limited the life of most people in the colony <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> b.  The Tobacco Economy <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Chesapeake colony had great tobacco cultivation <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. about 1.5 million pounds of tobacco by 1630 <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. indentured servants came to work in the tobacco fields <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> c.  Frustrated Freeman and Bacon’s Rebellion <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  1000 Virginians were out of control in 1676 – led by Bacon <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> d.  Colonial Slavery <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Over 10 million Africans travelled in horrible, packed conditions to the New World <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Black slaves soon outnumbered whites <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Only a few of the earliest African immigrants had freedom <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> e.  Africans in America <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  South: hostile climate and tough labor <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Chesapeake: less of physical demand; family-life was possible <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Slave revolt in NYC 1712: cost the lives of blacks and whites <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> f.  Southern Society <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  No equality between people, poverty, and disease <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Social hierarchy much more “in place” in South <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> g.  The New England Family <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Life expectancy of first generation Puritan colonists was 70 <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Families migrated, not individuals <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Women married in early 20s and had children every 2 years <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iv. Women’s economic rights were better in south <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> v.  Children were well nurtured and were expected to obedient <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> vi. New England women were not given property rights because some thought it defeated the purpose of marriage <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> vii. All Puritan laws were meant to defend marriages <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. divorce was extremely rare <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> h.  Life in the New England Towns <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  The expansion of the Chesapeake region was random <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Towns with 50+ families HAD to provide education <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. ½ of adults knew how to read and write <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iv. Puritans ran own churches and democracy <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  The Half-Way Covenant and the Salem Witch Trials <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Half-Way Covenant: agreement between church and adherents to admit to baptism <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Teenage girls claimed the were bewitched by older women; a “witch hunt” was put into order (Salem Witch Trials) <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> j.  The New England Way of Life <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  The land and climate molded New England life <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. More livestock was brought from England to the settlements <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> k.  The Early Settlers’ Days and Ways <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Common routine: crops planted in the spring, tended their crops in summer, harvested in the fall, and prepared in the winter <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. Rose at dawn and slept at dusk <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Women had all of the domestic duties <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> a.  Conquest by the Cradle <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  The population boom had political consequences because there were many different governments and laws <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Most populated colonies in 1755: Virginia, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and Maryland <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> b.  A Mingling of the Races <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Germans were about 6% of population in 1775; Lutherans <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. lived in backcountry of Pennsylvania <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Scots-Irish were about 7% of population; Catholics <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. lived in Pennsylvania as well <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 2. had no love for the British government; wanted to escape their own problems <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. about 5% consisted of French Huguenots, Welsh, Dutch, Swedes, Jews, Irish, Swiss, and Scots-Highlanders <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iv. the Declaration of Independence (1776) was signed by mainly Anglo-Saxon men with 18 being non-English and 8 not colonial born <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> c.  The Structure of Colonial Society <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  18th century America had a lot of equality and opportunity except slavery was in effect <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. The social ladder has a lot of openness <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> d.  Clerics, Physicians, and Jurists <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Physicians were poorly trained and not highly esteemed <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> e.  Workday America <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Agriculture = leading industry: tobacco, wheat followed <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Fishing, commercial ventures, and land speculation <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Lumbering and manufacturing were also on the top priority <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> f.  Horsepower and Sail power <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Dirt roads were not the best way to travel <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. An intercolonial post system was created in mid-1700s <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> g.  Dominant Denominations <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  The Anglican church was official faith in Southern colonies <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. The Congregational church was official faith in New England colonies <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> h.  The Great Awakening <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Jonathan Edwards rebelled against Puritan faith in 1730s <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. received a sympathetic reaction from his preaching style <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Schools and Colleges <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Education = for leadership NOT citizenship; primarily males <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. College education (New England 1st) = prepared men for ministry <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> j.  A Provincial Culture <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Charles Willson Peale <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msochartype: symbol; msosymbolfontfamily: Wingdings;">à best known for portraits of George Washington <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Most architecture was modified for climate/religion in New World <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> k.  Pioneer Presses <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Hand-operated printing presses were able to advertise <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Peter Zenger accused of printing lies (1734-35) <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> l.  The Great Game of Politics <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  1775 – 8 colonies had royal governors, 3 colonies had proprietors, and 2 elected their own governors <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> m.  Colonial Folkways <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Food was plentiful <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Basic comforts were: lacking heat in churches, no running water, no plumbing, no bathtubs <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Winter sports and lotteries were entertaining <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> a.  France Finds a Foothold in Canada <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  St. Bartholomew’s Day in 1522: over 10,000 Huguenots froze to death <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Edict of Nante (1598): granted limited toleration to French Protestants <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. New France (Canada) under direct control of the king after commercial companies failed <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> b.  New France Fans Out <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  New France had many beavers which were used for their meat and fur <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. French Catholic missionaries were Jesuits <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Some explorers wanted the empire <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> c.  The Clash of Empires <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Contests between European powers for control of North America; mainly British vs. French <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. King William’s War (1689-1697) <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 2. Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Peace of Utrecht signed in 1713 showed how badly the French/Spanish had been beaten <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. War of Austrian Succession: France allied with Spain <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> d.  George Washington Inaugurates War with France <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  The Ohio Country: crucial area where the British colonists pushed others westward <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. A lot of rivalry for the lush lands brought tension <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. Washington was sent to Ohio Country to secure the Virginian claims <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> e.  Global War and Colonial Disunity <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  7 Years’ war: fought in Europe AND America <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. Britain and Prussia vs. France, Spain, Austria, and Russia <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Benjamin Franklin published the __Pennsylvania Gazette__, the most famous cartoon of the colonial era <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. leading spirit of the Albany congress <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 2. British Officials thought there was too much independence; colonists thought it was not enough <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> f.  Braddock’s Blundering and It’s Aftermath <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  General Braddock sent to Virginia with British regulars <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. set out in 1755 with 2,000 men to capture Fort Duquesne <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. French and Indian war <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msochartype: symbol; msosymbolfontfamily: Wingdings;">à Indians had an easy victory <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> iii. British invaded Canada in 1756 that created world conflict <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> g.  Pitt’s Palms of Victory <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  William Pitt: became the leader of the London government <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> 1. planned an expedition in 1758 against Louisbourg <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. The Battle of Quebec (1759): significant event between British and America <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msochartype: symbol; msosymbolfontfamily: Wingdings;">à Great Britain = dominant power <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> h.  Restless Colonists <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> i.  Myth of British invincibility proved wrong by French and Indian War <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> ii. Intercolonial disunity became a big problem
 * <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> I.  ****__ Chapter 1 – New World Beginnings __**
 * <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> II.  ****__ Chapter 2 – The Planting of English America __**
 * <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> III.  ****__ Chapter 3 – Settling the Northern Colonies __**
 * <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> IV.  ****__ Chapter 4 – American Life in the 17th Century __**
 * <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> V.  ****__ Chapter 5 - Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution __**
 * <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> VI.  ****__ Chapter 6 – The Duel for North America __**