RH+Chapter+Notes

__Timeline __ 4000 BC- Recorded History Begins 4-8 BC- Jesus is born 1492- Columbus’ discovery 1607- Virginia is founded 1776- American Independence 1945- WWII ends 1991- Cold War ends 1996- Bicentennial 2000- New millennium
 * __CHAPTER 1- New World New Beginnings __**

__Peopling Americas __  -  During the Ice age Native Americans were able to travel from Eurasia to the Americas by an ice bridge.  -  250 centuries to people the Americas  -  Bridge melts and left human life marooned in the Americas Side fact- Incans (name of tribe) created corncob mortar and pestle which demonstrates the significance of corn in the culture. Side fact- First map was drawn by Sebastian Munster, 1546

__The Earliest Americans __ Tribe Names= states, landmarks, lakes, rivers,  -  Kansa = Kansas / state  -  Sioux = Sioux / river <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Illinois = Illinois / state <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Iowa = Iowa / state <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Missouri = Missouri / state <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Huron = Huron / lake <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Massachuset = Massachusetts / state <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Alabama = Alabama / state Side fact- Marco Polo- Italian adventurer, 1292

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">When Worlds Collide __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">New World (Europeans) <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">gold, silver <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">corn, potatoes, fruit, cocoa, tobacco <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">syphilis Old World (Native Americans) <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">wheat, sugar, rice <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">horses, cows, pigs, bison <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">smallpox, measles, flu <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">slave labor __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The Spanish Conquistadores __ <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Europeans realized that Native Americans possessed gold and silver in Mexico and Peru <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Spain became dominant in exploring and colonizing in the 1500’s Side fact- conquistadores are conquerors in search of gold and glory.

Conquistadores: 1513- Balboa 1513- Juan Ponce de Leon- was a Spaniard that explored Florida which he thought was an island. 1519- Hernan Cortes- sailed from Cuba w/ 16 horses and several hundred men on 11 ships bound for Mexico. <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Rescued a Spanish castaway <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Saved a female Indian slave <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Burns his ships to stop hope of reteat <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Found Aztec Capital of Tenochtitlan 1531-33-Fransisco Pizzaro- Incans in Peru 1539-42-Hernando De Soto- gold expedition 1540-42-Coronado

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Chronology __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> 5000 B.C – First humans cross into Americas 1295 - Marco Polo returns to Europe 1400’s – Spain becomes united 1492 – Columbus lands in Bahamas 1494 – Treaty of Tordesillas / Spain and Portugal 1513 – Balboa claims all land is touched by the Pacific Ocean

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">European crops and livestock are revolutionizing Americas <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Landscape is being altered by livestock and crops. <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Several hundred thousand Africans are enslaved by Spaniards working on sugar plantations <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1600’s North America is still unknown and not ventured into. <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Spanish Santa Fe (1610) <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">French Quebec (1608) <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">English Jamestown Virginia (1607)
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">CHAPTER 2- The Planting of English America 1500-1733 __**

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">England’s Imperial Stirrings __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">English attempt to overthrow the Spanish Empire <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">King Henry VIII “broke” with the Roman Catholic Church <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">King Henry’s action launches the Protestant Reformation <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Catholics vs. Protestants <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1558 Protestant Elizabeth flees the English throne <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Ireland was under English rule since 12th century <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1570’s – 1580’s Elizabeth’s troops become savages in Ireland

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Elizabeth Energizes England __ <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603) <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">She was portrayed as vain, fickle, and prejudiced but was a very successful ruler. <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">She never married ( Virgin Queen)

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">England on the Eve of Empire __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">-population 1550- 3 million 1600- 4 million

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Chronology __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1558- Elizabeth I becomes queen of England 1565-90- English destroy Irish Uprising 1577- Drake circumnavigates globe 1585- Raleigh found “lost colony” at Roanoke 1588- English defeat Spanish Armada 1603- James I becomes King of England 1604- Spain and England sign peace treaty 1607- Virginia colony is founded 1612- Rolfe perfects tobacco culture in Virginia 1614- First Anglo- Powhatan War ends 1619- First Africans arrive in Jamestown <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Virginia house of Burgesses established 1624- Virginia becomes a royal colony 1634- Maryland colony founded 1640’s- large scale slave labor system in West Indies 1644- Second Anglo-Powhatan War 1649- Act of Toleration in Maryland <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Charles I is beheaded ; Cromwell rules England 1660- Charles II becomes King of England 1661- Barbados slave code adopted 1670- Carolina colony created 1711-13- Tuscarora War in North Carolina 1712- North Carolina formally separates from South Carolina 1715-16- Yamasee War in South Carolina 1733- Georgia colony founded


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">CHAPTER 3- Settling the Northern Colonies 1619-1700 __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The Protestant Reformation produces Puritanism __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1517 Martin Luther creates protestant religion <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1536 John Calvin creates Calvinism religion <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Both are types of Christianity <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Scottish Presbyterians <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">French Huguenots <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Dutch Communicants

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Mayflower: <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">65 days at sea <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">102 people <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Lands off the coast of New England <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Captain Myles <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">One passenger died and one was born __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">William Bradford __ <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1590-1657 <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Self taught scholar <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Read Hebrew, Greek, Latin, French, Dutch <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Chosen governor 30 times <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none;"> __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">17th Century New England __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1635-36- Connecticut 1636- Rhode Island 1620- Plymouth 1630- Massachusetts 1638- New Haven 1623- Maine

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Puritans vs. Indians __ <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">An epidemic spreads and wipes out ¾ of the Native tribes in 1620 <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Pilgrims sign peace treaty w/ Chieftain Massasoit of Wampanoag and first thanksgiving is celebrated

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Old Netherlands at New England __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">In the late 16th century Netherlanders fight Catholic Spain and gained independence with the help of Protestant England.

Side fact- 17th century is the era of Rembrandt Side fact- the Dutch are noted for giving America Easter Eggs, Santa Claus, waffles, sauerkraut, bowling, sleighing, and golf.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Chronology __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1517- Martin Luther begins Protestant Reformation 1536- John Calvin publishes //Institutes of the Christian Religion// 1620- Pilgrims sail on the Mayflower to Plymouth Bay 1624- Dutch Found New Netherland 1629- Charles I dismisses Parliament and persecutes Puritans 1630- Puritans found Massachusetts Bay Colony 1635-36- Roger Williams is convicted of heresy and founds Rhode Island Colony 1635-38- Connecticut and New Haven colonies are founded 1637- Pequot War 1638- Anne Hutchison is banished from Massachusetts colony. 1639- Connecticut’s fundamental orders are drafted 1642-48- English Civil War 1643- New England Confederation is formed 1650- William Bradford completes //Of Plymouth Plantation// 1655- New Netherlands conquers New Sweden 1664- England seizes New Netherland from Dutch 1675- 76- King Philip’s War 1681- William Penn founds Pennsylvania colony 1686- Royal authority creates Dominion of New England

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none;"> __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Chronology __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1619- First Africans arrive in Virginia 1625- Population of English colonies in America about 2,000 1636- Harvard College founded 1662-Half-Way Covenant for Congregational Church Membership is established 1670- Virginia assembly disfranchises landless freemen 1676- Bacon’s Rebellion in New York 1680’s- Mass expansion of slavery in colonies 1689-91- Leisler’s Rebellion in New York 1692- Salem witch trials in Massachusetts 1693- College of William and Mary is founded 1698- Royal African Company slave trade monopoly ended 1700- Population of English colonies in America is about 250,000 1712- New York City slave revolt 1739- South Carolina Slave revolt <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none;"> __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The Unhealthy Chesapeake __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Chesapeake settler’s lives were short. Malaria spread so that ½ people born in Virginia and Maryland lived to about 14-20 years old//.//
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">CHAPTER 4- American Life in the 17th Century 1607-1692 __**

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The Tobacco Economy __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Tobacco is unhealthy to human life but not their pockets. The profit of tobacco caused settlers to grow tobacco plants further into Indian Territory.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Estimated Slave Imports to New World 1601-1810 __ <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Spanish America- 871,100 <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Brazil- 2,451,400 <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">British Caribbean 1,664,700 <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Dutch Caribbean- 500,000 <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">French Caribbean- 1,504,200 <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Danish Caribbean- 28,000 <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">North America- 400,000

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Africans in America __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">In Deep South slaves were placed in the harvest environments and treated very poorly. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none;"> __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The New England Family __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Due to cooler temperatures and cleaner water disease was slowed and ten years was added to the settler’s life expectancy. As life was getting longer more lives were made. After marriage women had children every two years, resulting in births of about 10 children. There was dread of death in birthing and it got women scared of pregnancy, so 8 of 10 children survived.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Life in the New England Towns __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Towns with more than fifty families had to provide education. Only half of the adults were properly educated. This resulted in the construction and founding of Harvard College in Massachusetts Democracy in churches led to a democratic government; there were town meetings in which all men gathered and voted.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The Half-Way Covenant and Salem Witch Trials __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">A group of adolescent girls in Salem, Massachusetts claimed to be bewitched by older women. This led to a “witch hunt” in 1692. Nineteen women were hanged and one was pressed to death. Two dogs also were killed. Superstition resulted in persecutions of witchcraft.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none;"> __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Chronology __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> 1693- College of William and Mary is founded 1701- Yale College is founded 1721- Small pox inoculation introduced 1732- First edition of Benjamin Franklin’s //Poor Richards Almanac// 1734- Jonathan Edwards begins //Great Awakening// 1734-35Zenger free-press trial in New York 1738- George Whitefield spreads //Great Awakening// 1746- Princeton College is founded 1760- Britain vetoes South Carolina anti-slave trade measures 1764- Paxton Boys march on Philadelphia <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Brown College is founded 1766- Rutgers College is founded 1769-71- Regulator Protests 1769- Dartmouth College is founded
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">CHAPTER 5- Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution 1700-1775 __**

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Conquest by the Cradle __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Year __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> __White__ __Black__ __Total__ 1700 280,000 20,000 300,000 1775 2,000,000 500,000 2,500,000

13 original colonies: <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Virginia <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Maine <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">New York <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Massachusetts <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Maryland <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">North Carolina <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">South Carolina <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">New Hampshire <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Connecticut __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">A mingling of the Races __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Although America is the melting pot the language used in America is most commonly English. Germans made up 6% of Americas population in 1775.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Clerics, Physicians, and Jurists __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">In 1765 the first medical school was established. Powdered dried toad was used to cure smallpox, which George Washington had. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none;"> __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Workaday America __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">90% of Americans were involved in agriculture. Fishing was highly rewarded. Wood work was also in high need.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Horsepower and Sail power __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Transportation was a big problem; the Declaration of Independence in 1776 did not reach Philadelphia until twenty-nine days after the fourth of July.

Side fact- 75% of population are church members in 1775

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Pioneer Press __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Libraries and printed books were very uncommon in the 1700’s until a South Carolina merchant in 1744 advertised printed books from a press. This created handouts and pamphlets for all eyes.

Side fact- Billiard was invented by the Dutch; 8 ball in 1900


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">CHAPTER 6- The Duel for North America 1608-1763 __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">__Chronology__ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1598- Edict of Nantes 1608-Chamlain colonizes Quebec for France 1643- Louis XIV becomes King of France 1682- La Salle explores Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico 1689-97- King William’s War (War of the League of Augsburg) 1702-13- Queen Anne’s War (War of Spanish Succession) 1718- French found New Orleans 1739- War of Jenkins’s Ear 1744- King Georges War (War of Austrian Succession) 1754- Washington battles French on Frontier <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Albany Congress 1754-63- Seven Years War (French and Indian War) 1755- Braddock’s defeat 1757- Pitt emerges as a leader of British Government 1759- Battle of Quebec 1763- Peace of Paris <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Pontiac’s uprising <span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;"> -  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Proclamation of 1763

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">New France Fans Out __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> France is kept alive and wealthy with the beaver pelt. Beaver was n high demand all over. French requited Indians to help slaughter beavers.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The Clash of Empires __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> King William’s War in (1689-1697) was a war for the European conquest for power over North America. The French gathered as many Indian allies as they could find. Queen Anne’s War was in 1702-1713. Peace treaty was signed at Utrecht in 1713.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">George Washington Inaugurates War with French __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Leaders in Virginia declared war with French. They won the first battle and killed the French leader, but they came back with reinforcements that surrounded Washington and his men. He surrenders July 4th, 1754.


 * __CHAPTER 8- America Secedes from the Empire 1775-1783__**

__Chronology__ 1175- Battles of Lexington and Concord - Second Continental Congress - Americans capture British garrisons at Ticonderoga and Crown Point - Battle at Bunker Hill - King George III formally proclaims that the colonies are in rebellion - Failed invasion of Canada 1776- Paine's Common Sense - Declaration of Independence - Battle of Trenton 1777- Battle of Brandywine - Battle of Germantown - Battle of Saratoga 1778- Fromation of French-American alliance - Battle of Monmouth 1778-79- Clark's victories in the West 1781- Battle of King's Mountain - Battle of Cowpens - Greene leads Carolina campaign - French and Americans force Cornwallis to surrender at Yorktown 1782- North's ministry collapses in Britain 1783- Treaty of Paris 1784- Treaty of Fort Stanwix

__Second continental Congress__ - May 10, 1775 - Olive Branch Petition- Professing American loyalty to the crown and begging the king to prevent futher hostilities. - all thirteen colonies represented -close to the Revolutionary War

__Congress Drafts George Washington__ - elected leader to the American Militia+ Army - He is From __Virginia__ (Needed in order to win any real war) - honest man - rich man - would lose many more battles than won - possessed good character and leadership

__Conflicting Vesions of the Outbreak__ FACTS: - Lexington - Concord - guarilla warfare - one shot starts it all - many shots after - bodies were mangled - British vs. Colonsist - conflict because Thomas Gage heard of stock piled weapons in Concord - Lexington= long road (7mi.) - Paul Revere is to tell the colonists when and where the Britis are coming from

__Bunker/Breeds Hill__ British have the advantage of seemingly unlimited amunition, and 2000 troops w/ Putnam. The colonists have the advantages of being stationary, are able to view all around, and they are shooting down. - Howe - Virgoin Putnam leads the troops up three times in attempts to take the hill. On the thid attempt the colonists are gone. The colonists have killed or woonded many of their troops, but the British have the hill. - 3000 British/1500 colonists

__Conquest for Canada__ In October, 1775 Americans Invade Canada in hope to add a fourteenth colony and deprive Britain of a base to stike the colonies. Leadership was known as General Richard Montgomery, formerly of the British army. The invasion was unsuccessful, and the colonists were forced to evacuate Boston.

__Tomas Paine Preaches Common Sense__ -1776 -profession to be fighting for reconciliation -meant to appeal to the common man and give him a voice -120,000 copies sold in 3 months -denial of the intentions of independance -smaller should not control larger(Britain should not control America)