JC+Chapter+Eight+Notes

9/22 -Second Continental Congress elected George Washington to be in charge of army -the main reason was becuase he was from VA -people liked and trusted him, which helped his not so vast military background -from April 1775 to July 1776 some people were still loyal and wanted to fix things with britan while Some people wre raising armies and shooting down soldiers. -1775 Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold captured the British at Ticonderoga and Crown Point in NEw York -they got a lot of artillery -British attempted to storm Breeds Hill, but were mowed down by the Colonists -When they were out of gunpowder, they abandoned the hill -olive Branch Petition-July 1775 begged king to stop hostilities, but did not work -August 1775 King George III announced the colonies were in rebellion -Britian bringing in foreigners to help fight colonists -"Hessian-european mercenary(nickname from Americans) -Many quit and came to America -October 1775-British burned Falmouth, Maine -Colonists wanted to claim Canada -January 1776 British set fire to Norfolk, VA -March 1776 British left Boston -"Patriots" beat "Loyalists" at Moore's Creek Bridge, NC February 1776 -colonial unity was poor and ipen rebllion was dangerous against Britian -many people still loyal to the crown, even very short time before independence was declared -Thomas Paine worte comon Sencse wich influenced many people towards independence, also best selling book of all time -not all people liked his ideas of republicanism and wanted a aristocracy to keep social hierarchy -July 2, 1776 colonies were made "states" -Declaration of Independence formally approved by; Congress on July 4, 1776 written by Thomas Jefferson -listed why and justified in cutting connection between colonists and British -Rebels or Patriots battled both British and Loyalists 16% of people were loyalists -loyalists least present in New England where Presbyterianism and congregationalism was big -many loyalists served in British war while others were spies -Washington had 2 sneaky attacks at night time and won both. -Howe and Burgoyne wanted to destroy Boston and Washington's army, instead of being strategic, they slowly moved -Burgoyne surrendered at Saratoga on October 17, 1777 -Americans wanted end to colonialism and mercantalism -experts thought dream of golden age was impractically utopian -Feb 6, 1778 France offered Americans treaty of alliance -1778-1783 france provided the rebels with guns, money, andtons of equipment -British paid native americans for american scalps -1784 Iroquois signed Treaty of Fort Stanwix which was the first rety berween US and Indian nations -October 19, 1781 British are defeated near the Chesapeak Bay by French and Americans, some people thought it was over -