JPChapter+4+Notes

Chapter 4 Notes American Life in the 17th century **-The unhealthy Chesapeake**
 * Malaria and other disease cut life expectancy by 10 years
 * Population in 1600s grew due to immigration
 * Men outnumbered woman 6 to 1
 * 1700s population growing due to birthrates
 * -Tobacco economy **
 * Many planted tobacco before corn to eat
 * 1630s 1.5 million lbs of corn exported out of Chesapeake bay
 * End of century 40 million pounds
 * Indentured servants were workers of choice
 * -Frustrated Freeman and Bacon’s Rebellion **
 * Wanderers became frustrated with lack of women and work
 * 1000s of Virginians led by Nathan bacon in Bacon’s rebellion
 * Murdered Indians and ran Berkeley out of Jamestown
 * -Colonial Slavery **
 * 10 million slaves during the 3 centuries after Columbus landing
 * 400K ended up in N. America
 * Death rates on passage were as high as 20 percent
 * -Africans in America **
 * Life in Southern Colonies most harsh/severe/deadly
 * The cultures blended creating new languages and culture
 * S. Carolina blacks revolted in 1739 but it was dispersed by local militia
 * -Southern Society **
 * Planters were at the top of the social ladder
 * FFV’s were 70 percent of the legislature
 * -The New England Family **
 * Life was much easier in NE
 * Population boomed and added 10 years to lifespan
 * Laws of puritan NE sought to maintain marriage integrity
 * -Half way covenant and Salem witch trials **
 * Expansion in Chesapeake area was random
 * Established HARVARD
 * About 50 percent adults were literate, elementary education was enforced
 * Democracy in puritan churches led to democratic gov’t
 * -Life in the New England towns **
 * New sermon head, the “jeremiad”
 * Half way covenant allowed only partial communion
 * 1692 legal lynching of 20 woman and men for witchcraft
 * Caused a flare up in the colonies (widespread)
 * Scene ended in 1693 when governors wife was accused
 * -New England way of life **
 * Soil very rocky, helped shape culture
 * Soil and climate encouraged diversified crops
 * Indians had no concept of land ownership, colonists to the contrary
 * Livestock introduction greatly affected the forests as pastures were continuously in need
 * -Main Dates **
 * 1619 First Africans in Virginia
 * 1662 Halfway Covenant founded
 * 1676 Bacon’s Rebellion
 * 1712 and 1739 New York and S. Carolina slave revolts