GB+Chapter+3

__Chapter 3 1619-1700 __ 1536- John Calvin of Geneva elaborated on Martin Luther’s Protests against the Catholic Church. The Church of England lead by King Henry the 8th had a purification of English Christianity that attracted poor Puritans. Separatists believed only visible saints could become church members. 1608- This group moves to Holland for religious freedom. 1620- 12 years later the group leaves for America. They land on the shore of Plymouth Bay and sign the Mayflower Compact, an agreement to form a government in America. 1620-21- winter kills all but 44 pilgrims of the 102 original group members. The Mayflower sails back to England but the surviving Pilgrims remain in America. 1621- Autumn- the Pilgrims have a successful harvest. The first Thanksgiving Day is celebrated. 1629- Puritans get charter to form Mass. Bay Company settlement near Boston. Denied separation from the Church of England. 1691- The population in Plymouth is 7 thousand which merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony. 1630’s 70 thousand English leave for America. 20 thousand of those settle in Massachusetts. Known as “The Great Migration” John Winthrop- Massachusetts governor and deputy governor for 19 years. Leads the colony to economic success. The Mass. Bay Colony was influenced greatly by religion. Non- believers and the “unchurched” could not vote or hold office but still had to pay taxes. Religious leaders had the most influence. 1636- Rodger Williams travels to Rhode Island and establishes a Baptist Church. He demanded no religious oaths, taxes, or worship. 1644- Rhode Island becomes an official colony  1662- New Haven merges with Connecticut. 1679- New Hampshire is separated from Massachusetts to form its own colony. 1637- English and Narragansett Indians destroy Pequot Indians to end war and crush what was left of armed Native American resistance on the frontier. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1675- King Philip (Metacom) leads attacks on 52 English frontier settlements. 12 settlements are destroyed. King Philip is captured and beheaded. These attacks slow westward expansion. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1643- The New England Confederation is created. The members are the Mass. Bay Colony, Plymouth, New Haven, and Connecticut settlements. This alliance was created to set up defense from Indian attacks, the Dutch, and the Canadian French. The Confederation set up the taxes to pay for defense as well as required the member colonies to help in catching fugitives or runaway slaves. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1684- The Mass. Bay colony charter is revoked by the English crown because they did not follow the Navigation Acts which regulated imports and exports. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1684- The Dominion of New England was formed which eliminated colonial government. Edmund Andros was appointed governor by King James II. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1688-98- Glorious revolution in England- King James is dethroned and Protestant William III and wife take power. The Dominion of New England Collapses and Andros is sent back to England. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1664- The brother of Charles II, Duke of York, takes over New Amsterdam defeating Stuyvesant without a fight. Renamed New York. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1681- William Penn secures land in Pennsylvania. He attracts workers to buy land from him because of his liberal land policy. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">