SD+Chapter+1+Notes

__Timeline __ · Billions of years ago: Earth came into being. · Six thousand years ago: Western World began. · Five hundred years ago: European explorers found the Americas. __The Shaping of North America __ · One large landmass was split into 5 different ones. · North America was anchored in its spot by Canadian Shield. · Glaciers from the Great Ice Age shaped North America’s terrain. __Peopling the Americas __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Nomadic Asian hunters travelled to the Americas during the Ice Age when the ice formed a land bridge. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Europeans arrived in 1492. 54 million already inhabited the two Americas. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Many tribes were formed, causing diversity. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Earliest Americans __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Corn began the transformation of nomads into settlers. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Many ancient cultures declined by 1300 A.D. possibly due to drought. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“three-sister” farming was invented about 1000 A.D. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">·  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Iroquois Confederacy developed political and organizational skills to sustain a robust military alliance. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Native Americans did not try to manipulate the land. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Only 4 million Native Americans inhabited North America. European discovery would destroy the untouched lands. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Indirect Discoverers of the New World __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The discovery of the Americas was a complete accident. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The route from Asia to Europe was too long and treacherous, so they wanted to find an alternate route or alternate sources. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Europeans Enter Africa __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Marco Polo helped indirectly to discover a new, cheaper route to the East. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Portuguese mariners invented a boat and a route to allow them to explore the sub-Saharan Africa. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Spaniards and Portuguese race to obtain the wealth from the Indies. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Columbus Comes Upon a New World __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Christopher Columbus was a skilled Italian seafarer that convinced Spanish monarchs to allow him to set sail with three ships. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">He accidently found the Bahamas October, 12 1492, while trying to find a route to the Indies. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When Worlds Collide __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">New wildlife, plants and other foods were introduced to Europeans. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Europeans brought horses, cattle, swine and sugar to the Americas. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Native Americans died from new diseases brought by Europeans and many who lived were enslaved. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Spanish Conquistadors __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Vasco Nunez Balboa: discoverer of the Pacific Ocean in 1513 <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ferdinand Magellan: first circumnavigation of the globe in 1519 <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Juan Ponce de Leon: explored Florida in 1513 & 1521 <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Francisco Coronado: explored New Mexico, Arizona, Kansas in 1540-1542 __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Conquest of Mexico __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Hernan Cortez: explored Mexico in 1519. He planned to invade the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan and overtake their gold. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Aztecs drove out the conquistadors. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Spread of Spanish America __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">England, France and other countries wanted their share of the New World. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Spaniards shaped the New World long before the English began to arrive.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Chapter 1: New World Beginnings **